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Why Distance Control Matters More Than Direction on Approach Shots

Photo by Lo Sarno on Unsplash Statistical analysis of amateur golf performance consistently reveals a counterintuitive finding: distance control errors on approach shots cost recreational golfers more strokes than directional errors, even though most golfers practice and worry about direction far more. The Statistical Pattern Shot-tracking data from systems used across recreational and competitive golf shows that amateur golfers are typically far more likely to miss an approach shot short or long of their intended distance than they are to miss significantly left or right of their intended line. A shot that's 15 yards short or long frequently finds trouble — a bunker, water, or simply a much longer subsequent putt — in a way that a shot 10 yards left or right of the pin, but still on the green, does not. Why This Happens Directional misses are usually caused by face-to-path errors, covered in our ball flight laws article , which tend to be relatively consistent for an individual g...

William Flynn: The Architect Who Designed Shinnecock Hills for the US Open

a green golf course with a path leading to the water
Photo by Cory Bjork on Unsplash

When the 2026 US Open is played at Shinnecock Hills Golf Club, every shot will be played on a course designed by William Flynn in 1931. Flynn is one of the most celebrated architects of the Golden Age of American golf course design, and Shinnecock Hills is universally regarded as his masterpiece. Here is the story of the man who built the venue for the 126th US Open.

Who Was William Flynn

William Flynn was born in Milton, Massachusetts in 1890 and spent his career as one of the most prolific and talented golf course architects of the early twentieth century. He was a contemporary of Donald Ross, A.W. Tillinghast, and Seth Raynor — the Golden Age architects whose courses define the American golf landscape. Flynn's design philosophy emphasized natural terrain, strategic routing, and the incorporation of wind as an integral element of the playing experience. He believed a great golf course should challenge and engage players at every level, rewarding skill and punishing poor decisions without being punitive for its own sake.

Flynn's Design at Shinnecock Hills

When Shinnecock Hills needed a redesign in the late 1920s — a new road was being built through several existing holes, requiring the purchase of 108 acres of new land to the north and east of the property — Flynn was commissioned to create an entirely new layout. He completed the course in 1931. His routing uses triangular groupings of consecutive holes that move in different directions across the property, ensuring that players face the wind from multiple angles across the full 18 holes. No sustained stretch of the course moves in the same direction, preventing players from ever fully solving the wind challenge. The result is a course that is permanently and genuinely difficult in a way that cannot be overcome by simply identifying the dominant wind direction and adjusting accordingly.

Flynn's Other Great Courses

Shinnecock Hills is the most celebrated course in Flynn's portfolio, but not his only significant work. He also designed Cherry Hills Country Club in Colorado (host of multiple major championships), Manufacturers Golf and Country Club in Pennsylvania, and co-designed Merion Golf Club's East Course with Hugh Wilson — one of the most celebrated courses in American golf. Flynn's design career was cut short by his death in 1945, but his influence on American golf course architecture remains significant.

The Coore and Crenshaw Enhancement (2013)

In preparation for the 2018 US Open, the noted design team of Bill Coore and Ben Crenshaw completed an enhancement of Flynn's original design. The work included fairway and green expansions, revised mowing patterns, and changes that restored some of the original character of Flynn's routing while adapting the course for modern championship play. The enhancements preserved Flynn's fundamental routing and philosophy while refining the playing experience for championship conditions. What is played at the 2026 US Open is substantially Flynn's 1931 design — one of the most respected layouts in world golf.

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